During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the average growth rate of total electricity consumption in society was 5.82%, the average growth rate of national power generation capacity was 8.05%, and the average growth rate of power generation was 6.01%. The national power supply structure continued to improve, and the proportion of new energy power generation capacity in the total capacity increased by an average of 2.69% annually. Among them, the total installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power increased from 230 million kilowatts in 2015 to 530 million kilowatts in 2020, and the proportion of new energy power generation in total power generation increased by an average of 1.11% annually.

International Renewable Energy Agency statistics show that in 2020, the new installed capacity of solar power and wind power globally was 2.38 billion kilowatts. According to Bloomberg New Energy Finance's prediction, by 2050, the total installed capacity of solar power and wind power globally will increase by 17 times and 6 times respectively, reaching 2.728 billion kilowatts. Based on this calculation, the average annual growth rate of new installed capacity of solar power and wind power globally will be 8.16%.

In 2020, China's new installed capacity of wind power and solar power was 120 million kilowatts, and the cumulative installed capacity of wind power and solar power reached 534 million kilowatts. According to the development goal of reaching a total installed capacity of 1.2 billion kilowatts for wind power and solar power by 2030, China's total installed capacity of wind power and solar power will maintain an average annual growth rate of over 8.12%, and the new energy power industry has a promising development prospect.

Challenges in reality

The author conducted on-site investigations in the subsidiaries of several large state-owned enterprises in Beijing, Hunan, Guizhou, Jiangxi and other regions, and conducted in-depth interviews with the main responsible persons of the enterprises and project managers and professionals specializing in the investment, development and construction of photovoltaic and wind power new energy power. Through this, several development problems of new energy power projects in actual construction were identified:

Firstly, the efficiency of resource allocation needs to be improved. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the average annual growth rate of new energy power generation capacity was higher than that of the proportion of new energy power generation capacity, and the utilization efficiency of some already operational new energy power projects was low, with problems of wind and solar power curtailment still occurring. Some projects were affected by factors such as capital turnover, technical bottlenecks and approval cycles, and could not be completed and put into operation on schedule, even being halted halfway, resulting in idle resource indicators and losses for local and enterprise resource investment.

Secondly, the project business environment still needs to be optimized. New energy power projects involve multiple entities and have a cumbersome approval process. Most projects have large land areas and are located in the outskirts of cities, requiring collaboration from county, town and village-level grassroots units. Currently, the relevant assessment mechanisms and supporting standards at the grassroots level are not complete, and the tax contribution of new energy power projects is limited, and the willingness of local governments to promote the project is weak, which to some extent delays the project construction progress and increases the cost of enterprise government coordination.

Thirdly, the market trading mechanism needs to be improved. Currently, the domestic power market includes various modes such as bilateral negotiation, centralized trading, rolling matching and挂牌 trading. However， there are few exclusive modes suitable for new energy power trading. The grid connection guarantee for "new energy + storage" projects is insufficient， and the pressure of new energy power consumption is relatively prominent. The electricity price mechanism is the core环节 of new energy power trading. In 2020， wind power and photovoltaic power basically achieved grid parity， but most regions have not yet introduced complete transitional electricity price policies for grid parity.

Finally， supporting policies are not yet complete. Currently， the state implements "three exemptions and half reduction" tax policies for new energy power projects， but there are problems such as a long tax return cycle and insufficient flexibility in implementation. At the same time， available land resources are continuously tightened， and local governments' land approval is more inclined towards intensive projects， and the approval of new energy projects is slow. In addition, new energy projects have large investment scales and long return cycles. The quality of these projects varies greatly. Common problems include limited financin